İZMİR KONAK İLÇESİNDE BİRİNCİ BASAMAKTA SAPTANAN MORBİD OBEZ OLGULARIN TANIMLANMASI - DEFINITION of MORBIDLY OBESE CASES DETECTED in PRIMARY CARE in KONAK DISTRICT OF IZMIR

Asya Banu Babaoğlu, Mustafa Tözün, Melikşah Ertem

Öz


Obezite, Türkiye’de sıklığı gittikçe artan bir sağlık sorundur. Bu çalışma, Konak Toplum Sağlığı Merkezine (TSM) bağlı Aile Hekimliği Birimlerinin (AHB) morbid obez hastaları saptama durumlarının değerlendirilmesi ve hastaların bazı özelliklerinin tanımlanması amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu kesitsel çalışmada, 01 Ekim 2011’den 31 Mayıs 2013’e kadar, Konak TSM’ye bağlı AHB’lerden bildirilen erişkin morbid obez hastaların bilgileri incelendi. İnceleme, Sağlık Bakanlığı tarafından geliştirilen "Morbid Obez Hasta Bilgi Formu" üzerinden yapıldı. Morbid obezler; Beden Kütle İndeksi (BKİ) “40-44,9 kg/m² olanlar” ve “BKİ 45 kg/m² ve üzerinde olanlar” olarak iki grupta incelendi. Tanımlayıcı veriler sayı, yüzde, ortalama ve ortanca ile belirtildi. İkili karşılaştırmalarda Ki-kare, Studen t testi ve Spearman korelasyon testi kullanıldı. Toplam 124 AHB’nin %59.7’si (n: 74 AHB) morbid obez hasta bildirdi. AHB başına bildirilen morbid obez hasta için ortanca değer 4.5 idi. Bildirilen toplam hasta sayısı 569 idi. AHB’ye kayıtlı kişilerde bildirime göre; morbid obezite görülme sıklığı %0.14 bulundu. Bildirilen morbid obezlerin %85.9’u (n: 489) kadın, yaş ortalaması 52.9±13.1 (17-85) yıl idi. Ortalama BKİ değeri 45.0±4.8 (40-72.7) olup hastaların %61.3’ü (n: 349) BKİ 40-44.9 kg/m² olan morbid obezlerdi. Morbid obezlerin %76.8’ine (n: 438) en az bir kronik/sistemik hastalık eşlik etmekteydi. En sık eşlik ettiği belirlenen hastalık hipertansiyondu (%61.3). BKİ 45 ve üzeri kg/m² olan morbid obezlerde hipertansiyon ve kas-iskelet sistemi hastalıklarının sıklıkları, diğer morbid obezlere (BKİ 40-44.9 kg/m²) göre daha yüksekti (her biri için; p: 0.020, p: 0.039).
AHB’ler tarafından bildirilen morbid obez hasta sayısı, tahmin edilen morbid obez sayısının altındadır. AHB’lerin daha fazla olgu saptaması özendirilmelidir. Bu yüksek riskli grupta, hastalık yönetimi ile ilgili hizmet niteliğinin artırılması önerilir.
Anahtar sözcükler: Morbid obez, Birinci basamak, Aile Hekimliği Birimi

 

DEFINITION of MORBIDLY OBESE CASES DETECTED in PRIMARY CARE in KONAK DISTRICT OF IZMIR
ABSTRACT: Obesity is an increasing health problem in Turkey. This study was performed to assess the performance of detecting morbid obese patients by Family Medicine Units (FMUs) connected to Konak Community Health Center (CHC) and to define some characteristics of these patients. In this cross-sectional study, records of morbidly obese adult patients which were reported to Konak CHC by FMUs patients between 01 October 2011 to 31 May 2013 were examined. Data was collected by the “Morbidly Obese Patient Information Form”, developed by the Ministry of Health. Morbidly obese patients were examined in two groups as “Body Mass Index (BMI) between 40-44.9 kg / m²” and “BMI equal to and over 45 kg / m² ”. Descriptive data was indicated with numbers, percentage, average and median. In bivariate comparisons; Chi-square, Studen t test and Spearman correlation test was used. Out of 124 

FMUs, 59.7% (n: 74) reported morbidly obese patients. The median value for morbidly obese patients in a FMU was 4.5. Total number of reported patients was 569. According to the number of registered individuals to FMUs, the frequency of morbidly obese patients was 0.14%. Among the reported morbidly obese patients; 85.9% (n:489) were female, the average age was 52.9±13.1 (17-85) years. The average BMI was 45.0±4.8 (40-72.7), and 61.3% (n: 349) of the morbidly obese patients’ BMI was between 40-44.9 kg/m². At least one chronic / systemic disease was accompanied to 76.8% (n: 438) morbidly obese patients of. The most common comorbid disease was hypertension (61.3%). In morbidly obese patients with BMI 45 kg/m² and higher, the frequencies of hypertension and musculoskeletal system diseases were higher than the other morbidly obese patients (BMI 40-44.9 kg/m²), (for each one; p: 0.020, p: 0.039).
The number of morbidly obese patients reported by FMUs is below the estimated number of morbidly obese. Detection of more cases by FMUs should be encouraged. The improvement of the service quality for this high-risk group is recommended.
Key words: Morbid obese, Primary Care, Family Medicine Unit


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