E-postama gönder RUH SAĞLIĞI OKURYAZARLIĞI - MENTAL HEALTH LITERACY
Öz
Özet:
Sağlık okuryazarlığı, bireylerin sağlıkla ilgili bilgilere erişme, anlama ve kullanma gücünü belirleyen, bilişsel ve sosyal beceriler olarak tanımlanan sağlığın en önemli sosyal belirleyicilerinden biridir. Ruh sağlığı okuryazarlığı (RSOY), sağlık okuryazarlığının halen gelişmekte olan bir komponentidir. RSOY “Ruh sağlığı bozukluklarını tanıma, yönetme ve önlemeye yönelik bilgi ve inanç” olarak tanımlanmaktadır. RSOY düzeyi, bireylerin ve toplumun ruh sağlığı üzerinde belirleyici rol oynamaktadır. RSOY kavramının gündeme getirilme amacı ihmal edilen bir konuya dikkat çekmektir. Ruh sağlığı bozuklukları yaygın olduğundan, bireylerin kendileri veya yakınlarında bu hastalıklarla ilgili olağan veya acil bir
durumla karşılaşma olasılığı yüksektir. RSOY seviyesi arttıkça, bireylerde, ruh sağlığı bozukluğu belirtilerinin farkında olma durumu ve uygun tedavi kaynaklarını doğru kullanma davranışları artmaktadır. RSOY düzeyinin artışı, ruh sağlığı hakkındaki bilgi ve tutumun yanı sıra, ruh sağlığı bozukluğu olan kişilere yönelik davranışları da iyileştirir ve damgalamayı azaltır. RSOY düzeyi ve ruh sağlığı ile ilgili sağlık çıktıları arasındaki ilişkiden sorumlu mekanizmaları anlamak, ruh sağlığı bozuklukları için yapılacak müdahaleler açısından kritik önem taşımaktadır. Ruh sağlığı okuryazarlığını artırmaya yönelik eğitim programlarının, sağlık ile ilgili ve sosyal çıktıları daha iyi hale getireceği, bu şekilde de hastalık yükünü azaltacağı bildirilmektedir. RSOY kavramı ülkemiz için çok yeni bir kavram olup, bu konuyla ilgili araştırma eksiği vardır. Toplumun ruh sağlığı hakkındaki bilgi, inanç, tutumunun ne seviyede ve hangi yönde olduğunun belirlenmesi ve izlenmesi için ülkemizde bu konuya yönelik araştırmaların yapılması faydalı olacaktır. Sonrasında bireylerin belirlenen ruh sağlığı okuryazarlığı seviyesine, yaşına, cinsine, yaşadığı yere özel müdahaleler yapılarak bireylerin ve dolayısı ile toplumun ruh sağlığı okuryazarlığının arttırılması sağlanacak böylece kişilerin, kendilerinin ve yakınlarının ruh sağlığını daha iyi yönetmesi mümkün olabilecektir.
Anahtar sözcükler: Ruh sağlığı okuryazarlığı, Ruh sağlığı, Sağlık okuryazarlığı, Damgalama, RSOY
MENTAL HEALTH LITERACY
Health literacy is one of the most important social determinants of health, defined as cognitive and social skills, which determine the individual's ability to access, understand and use healthrelated information. Mental health literacy (MHL) is a component of health literacy and it is still developing. MHL is defined as "knowledge and belief in recognizing, managing and preventing mental disorders". The level of mental health literacy plays decisive role in the mental health of individuals and the community. The concept of mental health literacy is to draw attention to a subject that has been neglected for the sake of bringing to the agenda. As mental health disorders are prevalent, individuals are likely to encounter an ordinary or urgent situation with themselves or their relatives with these diseases. As the level of mental health literacy increases, behaviors such as awareness of mental health disorders and proper use of appropriate treatment resources increase in individuals. Improvement of mental health literacy improves the knowledge and attitudes about mental health as well as improves mental health behavior and reduces stigmatization. Understanding the responsible mechanisms between mental health literacy and mental health related health outcomes is critical to the interventions for mental health disorders. Educational programs aimed at increasing mental health literacy are reported to improve health and social outcomes, thus reducing the burden of illness. The concept of mental health literacy is a very new concept for our country and there is a lack of research on this subject. It will be useful to conduct research into this issue in our country to determine and monitor the level of knowledge, beliefs and attitudes about the mental health of the community. After that, by interventions from a public health point of view to increase mental health literacy for individuals and the community by the level of mental health literacy level, age, gender, will enable people to better manage their mental health for themselves and their relatives.
Keywords: Mental health literacy, Mental health, Health literacy, Stigmatization, MHL
Tam Metin:
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