E-postama gönder ZİKA VİRÜS HASTALIĞI ve MİKROSEFALİ - ZIKA VIRUS and MICROCEPHALY
Öz
Zika virüsü, 1947 yılında Uganda Zika ormanında Rhesus maymunlarında, 1952’de ise Uganda ve Tanzanya’da insanlardan izole edilmiştir. Zika virüsü 2013 yılından itibaren Fransız Polinezyası ve çevresindeki Pasifik adaları civarında, 2015’den itibaren de Brezilya ve Kolombiya’da salgınlar yapmıştır. Etkenin başlıca bulaş yolu vektör (sivrisinek) aracılı olup (Aedes aegypti ve Ae. Albopictus), diğer seçenekler anneden fetusa geçiş, cinsel yol, kan transfüzyonu, vücut sıvıları ile temas ve direkt temas şeklindedir. Konjenital Zika sendromu mikrosefali, kraniyofasiyal orantısızlık, spasisite, kasılma nöbetleri, irritabilite, beyin sapı anormallikleri, artrogripozis, oküler anomaliler, serebral kalsifikasyon gibi anormal görüntüleme bulguları, kortikal bozukluklar ve ventrikülomegali tablolarını da barındırabilir. Tablonun en göze çarpan unsuru olan mikrosefali ve Zika virüs ilişkisi konusunda çalışmalar devam etmektedir.
Anahtar kelimeler: Zika virüs, mikrosefali, konjenital Zika sendromu
Abstract: Zika virus was first identified in a Rhesus monkey in Zika forest of Uganda in 1947. The first human cases were detected in Uganda and United Republic of Tanzania in 1952. The virus caused outbreaks in French Polinesia and some of Pasific Islands in 2013, immediately after outbreaks occured in Brasil and Columbia dating from 2015. Transmisson of the virüs primarily happens through the bite of an infected Aedes species mosquito (Aedes aegypti, Ae. Albopictus), the other less common ways are transmission during pregnancy, through sex, blood transfusion, contamination with body fluids (sweat, tear, saliva, urine) and direct contact. Congenital Zika Syndrome may contain manifestations like microcephaly, craniofacial disproportion, spasticity, seizures, irritability, peduncle abnormalities, arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, abnormal ocular findings, abnormal radiological screening findings like cerebral calcifications, cortical disfuntion, ventriculomegaly. Microcaphaly is the most remarkable clinical outcome of these and scientists continue their studies about this relationship.
Keywords: Zika virüs, microcaphaly, congenital zika syndrome
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