İlaç Firmalarının Çıkar Çatışması ve Tıbbi Gelişim Alanına Getirdiği Etik Sorunlar

Newal Alabdul Razzak, Nilüfer Demirsoy

Öz


Bilim ve tıp alanındaki gelişmeler sağlık hizmetleri endüstrisinin hızla gelişmesine de izin veren ilaç çalışmalarını güçlendirmiştir. Böylece ilaç firmaları, sağlık sektöründe önemli bir rol oynar hale gelmiştir. İlaç firmalarının temeli, 19. yüzyılın sonlarında İsviçre'deki kimya endüstrilerine dayanmaktadır. 1928-1950 yılları arasında ilaç firmaları laboratuarlarda ilaç geliştirmeye başlayan ilaç firmaları ciddi başarılar elde etmiştir ve geçtiğimiz yüzyılda birçok tıbbi ilerlemeyi sağlamıştır. Bunun sonucu olarak büyük ilaç endüstrisi hızla gelişmiş ve ilaç araştırma-geliştirme endüstrisi daha güvenilir hale gelmiştir.  Bunun ile beraber İlaç endüstrisi, yeni ilaçlar geliştirmek için klinik ve ilaç araştırmalarına çok ciddi para ayırmaktadır.  Ancak, etkisiz ilaçların üretilmesi veya bazı ilaçların piyasadan çekilmesi olasılığı, ilaç şirketlerinin para kazanma hedefini tehdit etmektedir. Bu sorun, İlaç endüstrisi, ticari uygulamalarda iş etiği açısından bazı kavramsal zorluklar içermektedir. Bunlardan ilki, "etik ve kâr güdüsü" ile "özel fayda ve kamu yararı" ikilemleridir. Kar amacı ve özel fayda, iş etiğine uygun değildir. Pek çok firmanın etik sorumluluk taşımadığı ve çoğu firmanın çevre ve tüketici sağlığı ve güvenliği pahasına faydalarını acımasızca artırmaya çalıştığı fikirleri son 10-15 yıldır yaygınlaşmıştır.  İlaç şirketlerinin uygulamalarını yürütürken "insan değerini" göz önünde bulundurmaları gerekmektedir. Karar vericiler, insanları sadece bir araç olarak değil, aynı zamanda amaç olarak da görmelidir. Böylelikle ilaç firması yöneticileri, verdikleri kararlarla tanımadıkları insanların var olan değerlerini koruyacakları gibi, kendi değerlerini de koruyacaklardır.


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Referanslar


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